In general, that's called the Torrens titles (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torrens_title https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torrens_title) after the MP of South Aus

In general, that's called the Torrens titles (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torrens_title https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torrens_title) after the MP of South Australia (which is now an Australian state) which implemented it. It's actually not that common, to highlight this in the US only Guam (which was then part of the Captaincy General of the Philippines) is the only US territory or state fully implementing Torrens titles, with some states partially implementing it and some (like the area in and around Chicago and the state of California) repealing it. Edit: I need to clarify that some states/countries have non-Torrens land registries (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_registration https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_registration) or deeds registries (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deeds_registration https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deeds_registration) but they only record what allegedly happened and ownership can be challenged in court, so these registries are not a guarantee of ownership (unlike in Torrens titles where the titles are indefeasible and the only possible lawsuits are about the circumstances of the transfer like if the original owner was defrauded).