I read that most of these make devices more vulnerable to ESD / wrongly connected pins due to poorly thought-out contacts. Not sure how true that is--are modern

I read that most of these make devices more vulnerable to ESD / wrongly connected pins due to poorly thought-out contacts. Not sure how true that is--are modern devices protected "fully" on every pin? Once I had a large visible arc to the USB C port of my phone. It was off afterwards and wouldn't start, which was scary, but turned out fine after taking the battery out and putting it back in. Someone know how that could have happened?