It leverages Thread Director on the latest Intel CPU's to be smarter at juggling threads between performance and power-efficient cores: https://www.anandtech.c

It leverages Thread Director on the latest Intel CPU's to be smarter at juggling threads between performance and power-efficient cores: https://www.anandtech.com/show/16881/a-deep-dive-into-intels-alder-lake-microarchitectures/2 https://www.anandtech.com/show/16881/a-deep-dive-into-intels... https://www.anandtech.com/show/16959/intel-innovation-alder-lake-november-4th/3 https://www.anandtech.com/show/16959/intel-innovation-alder-... Intel and MS worked together on the feature. A microcontroller embedded in the CPU monitors each thread's instruction stream along with other metrics, and feeds hints back to the OS scheduler about whether it should be on a P vs. E core. It can also detect when a thread is constrained by something other than frequency and temporarily throttle down the clock on that core to save power. I gather the microcontroller runs an ML algorithm pre-trained on "millions of hours of data" to help with thread classification.