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An interesting note right at the end, so in case anyone missed it: this same launch is believed to be the source of 5 titanium "spaceballs" that fell onto New Z

An interesting note right at the end, so in case anyone missed it: this same launch is believed to be the source of 5 titanium "spaceballs" that fell onto New Zealand in 1972. While the odds are low of any space debris hitting land, it was the photo in this article that surprised me - I was thinking billiard ball size debris, not this - http://www.stuff.co.nz/the-press/4542804/Government-report-on-space-balls-released http://www.stuff.co.nz/the-press/4542804/Government-report-o...

adzm 4y ago
That article mentions them dangling a wrist watch over the space ball to see if it was radioactive. How would this work?
- nynx 4y ago
  Perhaps tritium in the watch hands.
  - pvg 4y ago
    Tritium is itself radioactive and used in watches to make a luminescent material glow. I think zinc sulphide was common and it would probably glow if lit up enough. Not sure you want to be near something that makes your watch dial markings glow visibly more than the radium or tritium that's in the paint, though.
    - Hextinium 4y ago
      The tritium interacts with a phosphor through beta decay, so presumably if you hung a watch near it the phosphor would glow brighter with higher concentration of beta decay. Basically a sort of visual Geiger counter.
      - pvg 4y ago
        Zinc sulphide, from brief googling, seems like it would glow in anything so if this was a thing, it probably makes most sense for gamma radiation since the 'detector' isn't being massively lit up by that internally already.
      - perihelions 4y ago
        Sure, but run the inverse-square law on the difference between a ~100 micron paint layer and a source that's ~1 meter away.
  - greggsy 4y ago
    That’s what I was thinking when I read it. I have no idea if tritium emits more radioluminescence near a source though.
- perihelions 4y ago
  It wouldn't. edit: It's obvious the quoted person had no idea what they were doing -- even a few seconds at arms' length from a fresh nuclear reactor core would be fatal. And quite a few satellites in that era were nuclear-powered. It's not as if accurate knowledge of radiation was readily available, in the 1970's.
  - pvg 4y ago
    They didn't shoot nuclear reactor cores into space. RTGs are still dangerous but people do stand next to them. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioisotope_thermoelectric_generator#/media/File:RTG_radiation_measurement.jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioisotope_thermoelectric_ge...
    - perihelions 4y ago
      Believe it or not, lots of nuclear fission satellites in the 1960's-70's. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_space#Fission_systems https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_space#Fission...
      - pvg 4y ago
        You're right, I didn't realize they fired quite that many (31?!) BES-5s into space and those are really the only non-experimental ones. Still, the chances of one of those falling out of orbit as a functioning reactor are about nil.
        perihelions 4y ago
        The posterior probability, given that you've already found a very rare piece of space debris, would have been high. https://xkcd.com/795/ https://xkcd.com/795/ (By the way, there's an documented instance [0] mentioned in the sibling comments. The hazard is much worse than you'd think: the space reactor didn't simply fall in one piece, but left a trail of fragments 600 km long, some of which were lethally radioactive. It's pretty lucky this one happened in an uninhabited wasteland). [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmos_954 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmos_954
- neurostimulant 4y ago
  If it's a digital / quartz watch, it might stop working if the electronics got too much radiation.
- crispyambulance 4y ago
  They probably thought the dial paint would fluoresce brightly when exposed to radiation, like some florescent substances glow when exposed to UV. Would it work for alpha or gamma radiation? ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ Whatever the case, sure, it's certainly not a reliable safety test. But it was wise to keep this thing away from people. RTG's do have highly dangerous materials like polonium or strontium and there have been accidents.
cek 4y ago
Wild coincidence or destiny? I’m in the space industry. I’ve wanted to visit NZ for ever. Here now, finally. 3 days ago I toured the Ashburton museum and saw this ball. Now this gets posted on HN which I’ve been ignoring for the last year.
- sokoloff 4y ago
  We’re all just NPCs and there is only so much processing power in the Matrix, so we have to focus on areas close to the users.
- mistrial9 4y ago
  neither coincidence nor destiny alone -- your conscious life path, intermixed. How can you "know" this coincidence? How many circumstances on the edges of your lived life, are more influential than you recognize? What progress and events at larger scales that you are part of?
twic 4y ago
NZ is home to other mysterious balls: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moeraki_Boulders https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moeraki_Boulders

adzm 4y ago

That article mentions them dangling a wrist watch over the space ball to see if it was radioactive. How would this work?

nynx 4y ago
Perhaps tritium in the watch hands.
- pvg 4y ago
  Tritium is itself radioactive and used in watches to make a luminescent material glow. I think zinc sulphide was common and it would probably glow if lit up enough. Not sure you want to be near something that makes your watch dial markings glow visibly more than the radium or tritium that's in the paint, though.
  - Hextinium 4y ago
    The tritium interacts with a phosphor through beta decay, so presumably if you hung a watch near it the phosphor would glow brighter with higher concentration of beta decay. Basically a sort of visual Geiger counter.
    - pvg 4y ago
      Zinc sulphide, from brief googling, seems like it would glow in anything so if this was a thing, it probably makes most sense for gamma radiation since the 'detector' isn't being massively lit up by that internally already.
    - perihelions 4y ago
      Sure, but run the inverse-square law on the difference between a ~100 micron paint layer and a source that's ~1 meter away.
- greggsy 4y ago
  That’s what I was thinking when I read it. I have no idea if tritium emits more radioluminescence near a source though.
perihelions 4y ago
It wouldn't. edit: It's obvious the quoted person had no idea what they were doing -- even a few seconds at arms' length from a fresh nuclear reactor core would be fatal. And quite a few satellites in that era were nuclear-powered. It's not as if accurate knowledge of radiation was readily available, in the 1970's.
- pvg 4y ago
  They didn't shoot nuclear reactor cores into space. RTGs are still dangerous but people do stand next to them. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioisotope_thermoelectric_generator#/media/File:RTG_radiation_measurement.jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioisotope_thermoelectric_ge...
  - perihelions 4y ago
    Believe it or not, lots of nuclear fission satellites in the 1960's-70's. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_space#Fission_systems https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_space#Fission...
    - pvg 4y ago
      You're right, I didn't realize they fired quite that many (31?!) BES-5s into space and those are really the only non-experimental ones. Still, the chances of one of those falling out of orbit as a functioning reactor are about nil.
      - perihelions 4y ago
        The posterior probability, given that you've already found a very rare piece of space debris, would have been high. https://xkcd.com/795/ https://xkcd.com/795/ (By the way, there's an documented instance [0] mentioned in the sibling comments. The hazard is much worse than you'd think: the space reactor didn't simply fall in one piece, but left a trail of fragments 600 km long, some of which were lethally radioactive. It's pretty lucky this one happened in an uninhabited wasteland). [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmos_954 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmos_954
neurostimulant 4y ago
If it's a digital / quartz watch, it might stop working if the electronics got too much radiation.
crispyambulance 4y ago
They probably thought the dial paint would fluoresce brightly when exposed to radiation, like some florescent substances glow when exposed to UV. Would it work for alpha or gamma radiation? ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ Whatever the case, sure, it's certainly not a reliable safety test. But it was wise to keep this thing away from people. RTG's do have highly dangerous materials like polonium or strontium and there have been accidents.

cek 4y ago

Wild coincidence or destiny? I’m in the space industry. I’ve wanted to visit NZ for ever. Here now, finally. 3 days ago I toured the Ashburton museum and saw this ball. Now this gets posted on HN which I’ve been ignoring for the last year.

sokoloff 4y ago
We’re all just NPCs and there is only so much processing power in the Matrix, so we have to focus on areas close to the users.
mistrial9 4y ago
neither coincidence nor destiny alone -- your conscious life path, intermixed. How can you "know" this coincidence? How many circumstances on the edges of your lived life, are more influential than you recognize? What progress and events at larger scales that you are part of?

twic 4y ago

NZ is home to other mysterious balls: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moeraki_Boulders https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moeraki_Boulders