I think you're confused. There are two ways to distribute applications: 1) Create a website and ask users to open it in Safari/Chrome. You have not benefited f

I think you're confused. There are two ways to distribute applications: 1) Create a website and ask users to open it in Safari/Chrome. You have not benefited from Apple's technologies nor customer base that they acquired. You used your tools, you acquired your customers and so Apple claims no commission. 2) Create an app that is a wrapper around WebKit/Chromium. For this case you have used Apple's technologies (e.g. Swift/XCode) and you are benefitting from Apple's customer base (via the App Store). Whether you download the app from the App Store or a third party store is irrelevant. From Apple's perspective you still owe the 15-30% commission. And as I mentioned below this is not hypothetical. It's exactly what happened in Netherlands.