relevant lowtechmag article: https://solar.lowtechmagazine.com/2020/05/thermoelectric-stoves-ditch-the-solar-panels.html https://solar.lowtechmagazine.com/2020/

relevant lowtechmag article: https://solar.lowtechmagazine.com/2020/05/thermoelectric-stoves-ditch-the-solar-panels.html https://solar.lowtechmagazine.com/2020/05/thermoelectric-sto... tldr: thermoelectric generators don't have great efficiencies, but by cogenerating heat and electricity they can get viable (if you need heat and electricity, make a bit more heat than you need and put a thermoelectric generator, the non-converted heat will just end up as useful heat). This would be adapted to households, which typically need a lot of heating.