That's a fair point, although fraud per se is only a small part of all the problems. There's other forms of corruption than fraud, and a lot of it falls into th

That's a fair point, although fraud per se is only a small part of all the problems. There's other forms of corruption than fraud, and a lot of it falls into this zone of plausible deniability rather than outright fraud. Also, I think the problems tend to find most weight with higher concentration of power, so what matters isn't as much "how widespread is corruption?" but rather "how is corruption distributed among power structures in academics and what is rewarded?"