Along a similar subject, should we someday be able to replace sets of neurons in our brains with nanomachines (built to replicate neurons), would we be able to

Along a similar subject, should we someday be able to replace sets of neurons in our brains with nanomachines (built to replicate neurons), would we be able to replicate these data structures? Or are they something intrinsic to our organic brain? Similarly, if we could build even a larger scale version of such external to the brain, could we interface it with our existing consciousness? (Could we then 'share' memories?) Working backwards from this, could we build (today) a graph-based (or whatever-structure) recording device that will store data in much the same way we build memories? Such would obviously require a greater understanding of the interconnection of neurons and the storage of memory, as discussed elsewhere in this topic. [Small edit: Knowing the data structure is nice; being able to use it is golden.] I personally believe the next great "hack" our species should embark upon is the brain and the body. We need to be more robust if we are ever to escape this rock. (And the dreamer in me wishes we could keep our consciousnesses and/or memories around eternally, but that introduces entirely different problems, and is probably an unrealistic ideal.)