The problem you speak of called "tragedy of the commons", even if you could track costs perfectly there needs to be a mechanism to enforce actors to pay for the

The problem you speak of called "tragedy of the commons", even if you could track costs perfectly there needs to be a mechanism to enforce actors to pay for these costs, this is the hard part. There needs to be political will and global coordination. Look at the state of carbon taxes to see why, it's not so much that companies are not being tracked, but there is no will to levy a high country wide tax while other countries sit idle.