I wonder if there's been much research into modelling voting as an adversarial process in which different parties (and not necessarily the political parties) tr

I wonder if there's been much research into modelling voting as an adversarial process in which different parties (and not necessarily the political parties) try to attack the various aspects of the process, including the stages before, during, and after the vote-casting and counting takes place. For example, we've seen attacks on voter registration and availability of polling stations, and bizarre (but insidious) schemes like deceptively-named candidates and misinformation about when an election is held. We also have the problem of "fraudits" where various groups try to undermine the confidence in elections that have already taken place. It seems like any attempt at electoral reform should take into account this adversarial context, and consider any proposed clever mathematical formula or any technology more complex than a pencil to be part of the epistemological attack surface that needs to be minimised as much as possible. That doesn't mean that current systems are perfect, or that FUD is an unbeatable strategy for opposing reforms, but it does mean that it's not enough for a proposal to offer elections that are more convenient or that have better psephological properties.