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I heard a podcast with top scientists about this (in French, still available online) about this: it's indeed a nickname for the phenomenon - but the scientists
by FrenchAmerican 5y ago
I heard a podcast with top scientists about this (in French, still available online) about this: it's indeed a nickname for the phenomenon - but the scientists using it know that, of course.
However, this nickname is not absurd, in the sense that the gravity equations for the movement of stars in galaxies don't match the observation.
In order for the stars to move inside their galaxies at their observed speed, these galaxies should have much larger mass.
Hence the "dark matter".
Scientists do not all agree that there is an "invisible" matter to be found. Many think that Einstein's relativity has a more limited domain of validity than we thought.
But then the issue is as dark (in the sense of mysterious), since many of Einstein's predictions - based on his equations - have been observed in experimentations. The gravitational waves (LIGO experiment and other replications) appear to prove that the relativity equations are right. The precision of this instruments are extraordinary.
It's a terrible situation for Physics as a discipline: the equations are confirmed in all know situations, except this case (well, as far as I understood).
There are plenty of theories for explaining the phenomenon, but they lack an feasible experiment to see if their predictions match the observation.
Today, all the theories with feasible experiments have proven to be false. Physicists are stuck.
Many think that we need a new Einstein or a new Newton, meaning a genius among the geniuses, capable of think a whole new paradigm for gravity.
Gravity is a "law" and not a "force". It's as well the nickname for a phenomenon ; that phenomenon is sensible in the domain of validity of Newton, e.g. in our daily life.
The planets in the solar system move all accordingly with Newton's equations, except Mercury. Einstein had to totally put upside down the way we represent the world we live in, from a 3D world with a totally independent time to a 4D world, where everything and everyone live in its own spacetime.
Let's imagine two atomic clock set next to each other and synchronized. If we elevate one by 1 cm, then the clocks have a super slight desynchronizarion. And the tiny tiny difference match Einstein's equations.
Newton and Einstein are a few centuries apart. When will such genius reveal itself? Some physicists point that both were outsiders in their times. Nowadays, the knowledge is so vast that it takes ten years to master a fraction of it: by that time, a brain is so entrenched in the current representations that it's difficult to break the paradigm.
Others think likely that one of the theories already published is right but we'll need to wait a very long time, if ever, before being able to make the experiment that will prove it.
Maybe we will have to accept not being able to explain our universe. After all, since Gödel, mathematicians have kept going despite his proof that the mathematics are based on a quite fragile foundation.
I never quite understood that Gödel thing. Anyone to try and explain us that "dark" theorem?
- jfengel 5y agoThe Gödel thing isn't quite as a big a problem as it seems. One way of looking at it is that there will always exist true theorems that you cannot prove. That may seem surprising, but I don't think it is. There are infinite sets and infinite things you can say about them. It's not really a shock that there might be some properties about that set you can only prove by inspecting all of the elements, but you can't actually do that in finite time -- even though it's true. The sets are infinite, the theorems and their proofs are (by definition) not. That doesn't mean that the foundations of math are fragile. It just means that there are facts you don't know. But you already knew that, too. The specific theorems that can't be proven are just a subject of your axiom set. You can prove, or disprove, any specific thing you want, by taking it as axiomatic. It's just a question of whether anything interesting follows. That's a judgment for mathematicians, not a fact of mathematics. I am, of course, handwaving like crazy, and probably driving the mathematicians nuts. Even though I said that the theorem is less surprising than it might seem, the fact that you can prove the theorem itself strikes me as very surprising.
- pdonis 5y ago> Many think that Einstein's relativity has a more limited domain of validity than we thought. I'm not aware of any significant number of scientists who think this. Even proponents of MOND acknowledge that they need to come up with a viable relativistic formulation of their theory.
- pdonis 5y ago> The planets in the solar system move all accordingly with Newton's equations, except Mercury. This is not correct. Our measurements are accurate enough now that we have detected relativistic corrections in the motion of, IIRC, at least all the planets out to Jupiter or Saturn.