What I want to know is how fast other producers could ramp up production by as much petroleum as Russia was exporting to the West at the start of the invasion.

What I want to know is how fast other producers could ramp up production by as much petroleum as Russia was exporting to the West at the start of the invasion. (I am restricting my question to petroleum because it is much easier to change the destination of an oil tanker than it is to change the destination of natural gas.) I'm also interested in how quickly the German economy could replace the natural gas they have been getting from Russia with petroleum.