Uh? My data points are in operations, not dev, and are from working in Europe, so that may be an entirely different reality, but I've always been paid for being

Uh? My data points are in operations, not dev, and are from working in Europe, so that may be an entirely different reality, but I've always been paid for being on call, plus for every time I was actually called and had to work - either remotely or on-prem, depending on what broke and what access was possible. My manager once realized that I was sometimes even called by the other oncall engineers if they were stumped, and retroactively compensated me for a "2nd level oncall". Not even once have I ever felt exploited - it was always sufficiently flexible for my personal life, usually 1 week/month, and always reasonably compensated.