From an outside of IBM point of view IBM limited much of what smart engineers could do in life, you couldn't write OSs, design computer hardware, etc etc those

From an outside of IBM point of view IBM limited much of what smart engineers could do in life, you couldn't write OSs, design computer hardware, etc etc those were all things that (because of the way things were structured) were IBM's pervue, it's why CDC/etc anti-trust suits occurred .... Arrival of the microprocessor, Unix escaping AT&T and some other changes in that era changed how all that worked, now we could write our own OSs, linux came about, a host of new little semi startups started making RISCs - and Intel/AMD (and I guess Microsoft, though OS has muted that) sort of took over ownership of owning the big gatekeeper .... Nowdays we see RISCV coming along as a disrupter and a 1000 new little flowers blooming