Link-level CRCs don't protect against bit flips that happen during processing or while transitioning between links with different CRCs. For maximum end-to-end i

Link-level CRCs don't protect against bit flips that happen during processing or while transitioning between links with different CRCs. For maximum end-to-end integrity you want to calculate the check value over the data in (ECC) RAM before writing it and the check value to storage, and verify the check value after reading all the data back in—this ensures that a bit-flip will be detected no matter where it occurs in the pipeline.