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Re: fructose. I was reading recently some interesting theories about fructose possibly being obesogenic, I'm about to leave so I can't do a proper Google search

Re: fructose. I was reading recently some interesting theories about fructose possibly being obesogenic, I'm about to leave so I can't do a proper Google search and link the studies. The theory makes sense evolutionarily: fruits were mostly available for a couple months a year, so the body tries to store fruit sugar as fat, for the long cold winter days, instead of using them immediately as short term energy in the form of glycogen.

lhl 5y ago
There's lots of research on negative metabolic effects of high fructose consumption, particularly on the liver. Here's a couple recent reviews as a starting point for those that are interested: Mai, Brandon H, and Liang-Jun Yan. “The Negative and Detrimental Effects of High Fructose on the Liver, with Special Reference to Metabolic Disorders.” Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy 12 (May 27, 2019): 821–26. https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S198968 https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S198968. Jensen, Thomas, Manal F. Abdelmalek, Shelby Sullivan, Kristen J. Nadeau, Melanie Green, Carlos Roncal, Takahiko Nakagawa, et al. “Fructose and Sugar: A Major Mediator of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.” Journal of Hepatology 68, no. 5 (May 2018): 1063–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2018.01.019 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2018.01.019. And some interesting evolutionary speculation on why effects of fructose might be so powerfully conserved: Johnson, Richard J., Peter Stenvinkel, Peter Andrews, Laura G. Sánchez-Lozada, Takahiko Nakagawa, Eric Gaucher, Ana Andres-Hernando, et al. “Fructose Metabolism as a Common Evolutionary Pathway of Survival Associated with Climate Change, Food Shortage and Droughts.” Journal of Internal Medicine, October 17, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.12993 https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.12993. BTW, beyond mechanistic research, I think one of the most interesting recent trials was this elegant study done recently in obese children (n=41) where it was shown that over 10 days of isocaloric (calorie-matched) swapping of sugar for starchy carbs resulted in a halving (!) of liver fat, a 68% decrease in DNL (de novo lipogensis = fat produced by the liver), and improved insulin kinetics across the board, showing that fructose was not only uniquely bad from a metabolic perspective even vs glucose, but that the response to removing the fructose was a dramatic and immediate improvement in health markers: Schwarz, Jean-Marc, Susan M Noworolski, Ayca Erkin-Cakmak, Natalie J Korn, Michael J Wen, Viva W Tai, Grace M Jones, et al. “Effects of Dietary Fructose Restriction on Liver Fat, De Novo Lipogenesis, and Insulin Kinetics in Children with Obesity.” Gastroenterology 153, no. 3 (September 2017): 743–52. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2017.05.043 https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2017.05.043.
tejohnso 5y ago
Peter Attia has some great podcasts on this. Here's one [1] about how fructose drives metabolic disease. [1]: https://peterattiamd.com/rickjohnson2/ https://peterattiamd.com/rickjohnson2/

lhl 5y ago

There's lots of research on negative metabolic effects of high fructose consumption, particularly on the liver. Here's a couple recent reviews as a starting point for those that are interested: Mai, Brandon H, and Liang-Jun Yan. “The Negative and Detrimental Effects of High Fructose on the Liver, with Special Reference to Metabolic Disorders.” Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy 12 (May 27, 2019): 821–26. https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S198968 https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S198968. Jensen, Thomas, Manal F. Abdelmalek, Shelby Sullivan, Kristen J. Nadeau, Melanie Green, Carlos Roncal, Takahiko Nakagawa, et al. “Fructose and Sugar: A Major Mediator of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.” Journal of Hepatology 68, no. 5 (May 2018): 1063–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2018.01.019 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2018.01.019. And some interesting evolutionary speculation on why effects of fructose might be so powerfully conserved: Johnson, Richard J., Peter Stenvinkel, Peter Andrews, Laura G. Sánchez-Lozada, Takahiko Nakagawa, Eric Gaucher, Ana Andres-Hernando, et al. “Fructose Metabolism as a Common Evolutionary Pathway of Survival Associated with Climate Change, Food Shortage and Droughts.” Journal of Internal Medicine, October 17, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.12993 https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.12993. BTW, beyond mechanistic research, I think one of the most interesting recent trials was this elegant study done recently in obese children (n=41) where it was shown that over 10 days of isocaloric (calorie-matched) swapping of sugar for starchy carbs resulted in a halving (!) of liver fat, a 68% decrease in DNL (de novo lipogensis = fat produced by the liver), and improved insulin kinetics across the board, showing that fructose was not only uniquely bad from a metabolic perspective even vs glucose, but that the response to removing the fructose was a dramatic and immediate improvement in health markers: Schwarz, Jean-Marc, Susan M Noworolski, Ayca Erkin-Cakmak, Natalie J Korn, Michael J Wen, Viva W Tai, Grace M Jones, et al. “Effects of Dietary Fructose Restriction on Liver Fat, De Novo Lipogenesis, and Insulin Kinetics in Children with Obesity.” Gastroenterology 153, no. 3 (September 2017): 743–52. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2017.05.043 https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2017.05.043.

tejohnso 5y ago

Peter Attia has some great podcasts on this. Here's one [1] about how fructose drives metabolic disease. [1]: https://peterattiamd.com/rickjohnson2/ https://peterattiamd.com/rickjohnson2/