Russia had signed several treaties with Ukraine, of note https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budapest_Memorandum_on_Security_Assurances https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

Russia had signed several treaties with Ukraine, of note https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budapest_Memorandum_on_Security_Assurances https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budapest_Memorandum_on_Securit... and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minsk_agreements https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minsk_agreements. Russia invading Ukraine despite these treaties makes it a particularly untrustworthy partner. This is the principal reason Europe is so concerned. That should really make everyone think ... To my knowledge USA had no treaty with Irak even between the two wars.