In the past, large companies had research/innovation departments, e.g. IBM Research, Parc Xerox, Bell Labs. In recent times large companies only innovate in ter

In the past, large companies had research/innovation departments, e.g. IBM Research, Parc Xerox, Bell Labs. In recent times large companies only innovate in terms of coming up with ever faster ways of making more money (financialization) - cutting costs and research departments were the earliest casualties. These days, real innovation happens mostly within startups.