Dennis Richie addresses this in a history of early Unix: https://www.bell-labs.com/usr/dmr/www/hist.html https://www.bell-labs.com/usr/dmr/www/hist.html "Proce

Dennis Richie addresses this in a history of early Unix: https://www.bell-labs.com/usr/dmr/www/hist.html https://www.bell-labs.com/usr/dmr/www/hist.html "Process control in its modern form was designed and implemented within a couple of days. It is astonishing how easily it fitted into the existing system; at the same time it is easy to see how some of the slightly unusual features of the design are present precisely because they represented small, easily-coded changes to what existed. A good example is the separation of the fork and exec functions. The most common model for the creation of new processes involves specifying a program for the process to execute; in Unix, a forked process continues to run the same program as its parent until it performs an explicit exec. The separation of the functions is certainly not unique to Unix, and in fact it was present in the Berkeley time-sharing system [2], which was well-known to Thompson. Still, it seems reasonable to suppose that it exists in Unix mainly because of the ease with which fork could be implemented without changing much else."