It means asking "then what?" questions to get insight into implications, you can search for "second order thinking". An example could be - you're arguing with

It means asking "then what?" questions to get insight into implications, you can search for "second order thinking". An example could be - you're arguing with somebody in another team at similar level. If you convince them - you win, as a first order consequence, you may think: great. But if you dig deeper you may realize that doing things your way may not be so great for you in the long run; ie. if you have to deal with passive-aggressive attitude or don't have 100% support of that team. So selfishly, 2nd order thinking - maybe you should let go and you'll win long run.