A dizzying extrapolation indeed. From my notes here: 2011: Europe 27bn UK Detica et al., 2011 2015: Global $400bn Center of Strategic and International Studie

A dizzying extrapolation indeed. From my notes here: 2011: Europe 27bn UK Detica et al., 2011 2015: Global $400bn Center of Strategic and International Studies 2019: US growth 17% BRC Crime Survey 2019 2021: Global 1tn Barclay Ballard 2021: Global $5tn Cyber Security Ventures 2022 growth looks like between 20 and 30 percent! 2022 Global 10.5tn by 2025 Cybersecurity Ventures claim Looks like an exagerated/pessimistic claim based on a growth of over 20% Sources: 2016 Estimating the costs of consumer-facing cybercrime: A tailored instrument and representative data for six EU countries (Riek and Bohme) 2019 Measuring the Changing Cost of Cybercrime (Anderson et al)