The book Diaspora by Greg Egan touches on this. I particularly like the short story in there "Wang Carpets". It builds on Wang Tiles, discovered by Hao Wang w

The book Diaspora by Greg Egan touches on this. I particularly like the short story in there "Wang Carpets". It builds on Wang Tiles, discovered by Hao Wang when trying to solve a tiling the plane problem. He discovered that it is possible to simulate a Turing machine with a given tile set which meant that solving that tiling the plane problem was equivalent to solving the halting problem. ... but you can simulate a Turing machine with tiles. If that piques your curiosity, Andrew Glassner's Notebook: Recreational Computer Graphics has some examples of tile sets that can solve math problems. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Andrew_Glassner_s_Notebook/_4ZMC_QBAC4C?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=wang%20tile https://www.google.com/books/edition/Andrew_Glassner_s_Noteb... (page 216 and page 217)