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What are your big tech companies? Does it include Google? If so, your statement is incorrect. More correct: Of the big tech companies, only Amazon structures

by ctvo 5y ago

What are your big tech companies? Does it include Google? If so, your statement is incorrect. More correct: Of the big tech companies, only Amazon structures its RSU so it's heavily backloaded.

chhamilton 5y ago
Exactly this. Google sign-on equity is actually front loaded now: 33%, 33%, 22%, 12%. Refresh grants (nominally every year) vest equally at 25% per year. Vests are monthly or quarterly, depending on the size of your grant. Since initial grants are larger (roughly 2x) than refresher grants, the equal vesting of the initial grant (old behavior) could cause a significant drop in compensation for new hires after 4 years at the company (the dreaded equity cliff). This would only happen for relatively "flat" performers, as if you're on an upwards trajectory the larger size of later grants would eventually catch up to your initial equity grant. Let's say the sign on equity was 200 shares, and refreshers were 100. With equal vesting it would look like: Year 1: 50 shares Year 2: 50 + 1 x 25 = 75 shares total Year 3: 50 + 2 x 25 = 100 shares total Year 4: 50 + 3 x 25 = 125 shares total Years 5+: 4 x 25 = 100 shares total (20% drop!) The problem has actually been worse, because grants are actually in dollars and the stock has been growing consistently year over year. Which means earlier grants are worth more in dollars in later years than new grants, despite having the same dollar value at the time of issue. Let's say 20% yoy, which is not far off from average over the last 10 years. We'll work in dollars and say the initial grant was worth $200K at sign-on time and later grants worth $100K. Year 1: $50K = $50K Year 2: $50K * 1.2 + $25K = $85K Year 3: $50K * 1.2^2 + $25K * 1.2 + $25K = $127K Year 4: $50K * 1.2^3 + $25K * 1.2^2 + $25K * 1.2 + $25K = $177.4K Years 5+: $25K * 1.2^3 + $25K * 1.2^2 + $25K * 1.2 + $25K = $134.2K (23% drop!) With the frontloading this becomes: Year 1: 66 shares Year 2: 66 + 1 x 25 = 91 shares Year 3: 44 + 2 x 25 = 94 shares Year 4: 12 + 3 x 25 = 87 shares (7% drop) Years 5+: 4 x 25 = 100 shares With stock appreciation this becomes: Year 1: $66K Year 2: $66K * 1.2 + $25K = $104K Year 3: $44K * 1.2^2 + $25K * 1.2 + $25K = $118.4K Year 4: $24k * 1.2^3 + $25K * 1.2^2 + $25K * 1.2 + $25K = $132.5K Years 5+: $25K * 1.2^3 + $25K * 1.2^2 + $25K * 1.2 + $25K = $134.2K So the dip is entirely smoothed over. Add in natural increases do to career growth and you no longer notice it.

by ctvo 5y ago

What are your big tech companies? Does it include Google? If so, your statement is incorrect. More correct: Of the big tech companies, only Amazon structures its RSU so it's heavily backloaded.

chhamilton 5y ago

Exactly this. Google sign-on equity is actually front loaded now: 33%, 33%, 22%, 12%. Refresh grants (nominally every year) vest equally at 25% per year. Vests are monthly or quarterly, depending on the size of your grant. Since initial grants are larger (roughly 2x) than refresher grants, the equal vesting of the initial grant (old behavior) could cause a significant drop in compensation for new hires after 4 years at the company (the dreaded equity cliff). This would only happen for relatively "flat" performers, as if you're on an upwards trajectory the larger size of later grants would eventually catch up to your initial equity grant. Let's say the sign on equity was 200 shares, and refreshers were 100. With equal vesting it would look like: Year 1: 50 shares Year 2: 50 + 1 x 25 = 75 shares total Year 3: 50 + 2 x 25 = 100 shares total Year 4: 50 + 3 x 25 = 125 shares total Years 5+: 4 x 25 = 100 shares total (20% drop!) The problem has actually been worse, because grants are actually in dollars and the stock has been growing consistently year over year. Which means earlier grants are worth more in dollars in later years than new grants, despite having the same dollar value at the time of issue. Let's say 20% yoy, which is not far off from average over the last 10 years. We'll work in dollars and say the initial grant was worth $200K at sign-on time and later grants worth $100K. Year 1: $50K = $50K Year 2: $50K * 1.2 + $25K = $85K Year 3: $50K * 1.2^2 + $25K * 1.2 + $25K = $127K Year 4: $50K * 1.2^3 + $25K * 1.2^2 + $25K * 1.2 + $25K = $177.4K Years 5+: $25K * 1.2^3 + $25K * 1.2^2 + $25K * 1.2 + $25K = $134.2K (23% drop!) With the frontloading this becomes: Year 1: 66 shares Year 2: 66 + 1 x 25 = 91 shares Year 3: 44 + 2 x 25 = 94 shares Year 4: 12 + 3 x 25 = 87 shares (7% drop) Years 5+: 4 x 25 = 100 shares With stock appreciation this becomes: Year 1: $66K Year 2: $66K * 1.2 + $25K = $104K Year 3: $44K * 1.2^2 + $25K * 1.2 + $25K = $118.4K Year 4: $24k * 1.2^3 + $25K * 1.2^2 + $25K * 1.2 + $25K = $132.5K Years 5+: $25K * 1.2^3 + $25K * 1.2^2 + $25K * 1.2 + $25K = $134.2K So the dip is entirely smoothed over. Add in natural increases do to career growth and you no longer notice it.