This is largely false. Almost all these scams involve various forms of money laundering to/from US institutions and through US persons. Plenty of routes for en

This is largely false. Almost all these scams involve various forms of money laundering to/from US institutions and through US persons. Plenty of routes for enforcement here. Many / most including fraud carried out within the US against US persons using US infrastructure (including phones etc). Plenty of opportunities to go after the "bulletproof" hosts and those who accept terminations from them (SIP -> T-Mobile etc). Plenty of opportunities to put MUCH MUCH more pressure on countries like India which tolerate this scamming of US persons. Beyond that, new rules, for example, if you want to terminate overseas SIP calls into the US, you have to post a bond relative to your call volume. Folks can file claims against that bond. If the bond was not posted (or not checked), then the upstream provider is on the hook. Upstream providers can deny service to entrants who will not post bond and who originate call volumes internationally.