As for array index checking, Julia gets it right. It uses a pair of macros (@boundscheck and @inbounds), which empowers the user elide bounds checking. Moreover

As for array index checking, Julia gets it right. It uses a pair of macros (@boundscheck and @inbounds), which empowers the user elide bounds checking. Moreover, it is extensible to beyond just arrays. I’ve used these macros in my own hand-rolled implementation of a ring buffer.