An EVs battery pack will generally last as long as the car. A common warranty is 80% capacity after 8 years, and degradation generally flattens out after losing

An EVs battery pack will generally last as long as the car. A common warranty is 80% capacity after 8 years, and degradation generally flattens out after losing the first 10%, so 16 year minimum lifetime is a reasonable expectation, and 20+ years seems likely. There are 10 year old Leafs with the original battery on the road right now, and that's pretty much a worst case scenario for an EV battery (older battery chemistry, no cooling, and low capacity meaning users cycle often between very high and very low charge) EV battery packs are routinely reused for grid/industrial energy storage. EV battery recycling seems to becoming profitable. It's a pretty ideal scenario for recycling (high volume of identical cells). EV batteries won't be more of a waste problem than car lead acid batteries, one of the most recycled items in the world. > All of the benefits of an EV and traditional ICE engines with none of the draw backs. You won't have all the benefits of EV (low complexity, volumetrically efficient drivetrain). If you're going to have a battery big enough that you can charge at home for daily driving, you're going to get an extremely costly vehicle. Hydrogen is one battery breakthrough away from being dead for cars forever. If the cost is halved and range is doubled, the niche for hydrogen cars will be so tiny that hydrogen fueling stations will be unsustainable. Hydrogen hybrid cars is essentially a solution that kills itself. Charging will always be cheapest, so you'll want to maximize charging over hydrogen fueling. It'll incentivize the construction of home charging, street side charging and fast charging at all kinds of shops, restaurants etc. Most people will drive pure BEVs, and those that have hydrogen hybrids might fuel a handful of times a year. Every time batteries improve, the niche for the hydrogen hybrids will decrease. It's a terrible economy to build hydrogen fueling stations in. A hydrogen fueling station exploded near my home btw. I think eventually hydrogen will be completely safe. But it seems very likely that a few accidents like that will happen before then, which may kill any momentum hydrogen manages to build. Hydrogen explosions are scary, it can be heard for miles away.