This is a great finding. If I were on one of the teams developing an EBV vaccine (e.g. Moderna) I would be a little worried about the possible knock-on effects

This is a great finding. If I were on one of the teams developing an EBV vaccine (e.g. Moderna) I would be a little worried about the possible knock-on effects of the vaccine as a result of this study. MS is an auto-immune disorder, so it's not out of question that an EBV vaccine could kick-start the same auto-immune reaction that causes the MS-EBV link. An alternative optimistic scenario is that the EBV infection itself leads to an increased likelihood of MS (as opposed to the EBV-triggered autoimmune response above). Either way, a clinical study of an EBV vaccine would not detect a relationship to MS unless it ran for 5-10 years.