Extrapolating from your comment (neither disagreeing or agreeing, primarily trying to provide additional resources for people to learn about and to help explore

Extrapolating from your comment (neither disagreeing or agreeing, primarily trying to provide additional resources for people to learn about and to help explore the option space): The history of ammonia production has led to a fossil fuel dependency chain. This article at resilience.org seems to include some good history: https://www.resilience.org/stories/2006-06-11/implications-fossil-fuel-dependence-food-system/ https://www.resilience.org/stories/2006-06-11/implications-f... One of the primary processes involved in the creation of ammonia is the Haber-Bosch process, as outlined on Wikipedia here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haber_process https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haber_process The International Energy Agency provides a good summary of a technology roadmap for migration of ammonia production processes to lower-emission methods: https://www.iea.org/reports/ammonia-technology-roadmap/executive-summary https://www.iea.org/reports/ammonia-technology-roadmap/execu... And finally - I've no connection with the University of Michigan but I did find this recent article about a research grant for solar-powered, energy-decentralized fertilizer production; I'm not clear on the details of the research yet but it does again re-iterate the nature of the problem and illustrates that there is effort directed towards overcoming fossil fuel dependence in this area: https://news.umich.edu/2m-to-replace-fossil-fuels-with-solar-power-in-fertilizer-production/ https://news.umich.edu/2m-to-replace-fossil-fuels-with-solar...