It isn't uncommon for people to get confused about layering. In fact, it is particularly hard when you have a lot of people who have used something for a long t

It isn't uncommon for people to get confused about layering. In fact, it is particularly hard when you have a lot of people who have used something for a long time without actually understanding the design of it. I'm not a fan of how websockets are implemented in browsers. It's a bit too "magical" for my taste. But what people seem to be complaining about is a mismatch between how they think networking works and how it actually works. This really isn't any different from the kinds of problems I'd teach beginners to get around 25 years ago when dealing with ordinary TCP sockets. What has changed is that programmers generally tend to know a lot less about the underlying technology these days (because there is so much extra complexity to worry about).