And the US has outlasted the USSR and Japan. Both threats disappeared as threats. And the EU, while extremely successful, does not subsidize their industries (

And the US has outlasted the USSR and Japan. Both threats disappeared as threats. And the EU, while extremely successful, does not subsidize their industries (the exception being the airline and airplane manufacturing industries and defense which the US also does). So whatever lessons China has learnt from the USSR and Japan don’t appear to have a strong track record of success.