There are at least three reasons other than the oil tanks and carries at sea why attack was a failure: 1) the ships attacked were in shallow water. Most were

There are at least three reasons other than the oil tanks and carries at sea why attack was a failure: 1) the ships attacked were in shallow water. Most were salvaged or repaired. 2) Timing the attack for early Sunday maximized the advantage of surprise, but minimized the number of officers and sailors on the ships when attacked, so that loss of know-how was less than it might have been. 3) The US sent ships out to counter-attack the Japanese fleet based on radio direction finding, but the signals were mis-interpreted, and the counter-attack went in the exact opposite direction of the true direction of the Japanese fleet.