This problem also exists in manufacturing. If you make 1,000,000 widgets and randomly sample 1,000 for quality control, how can you be sure if your processes ar

This problem also exists in manufacturing. If you make 1,000,000 widgets and randomly sample 1,000 for quality control, how can you be sure if your processes are reliable if all of the samples pass inspection. Luckily with most physical processes, you can assume it's >0 and go about some estimations using your linked article (a very basic one is rule of 3[0]). This particular problem where 0 vs >0 is seems impossible to make an actual inference about until some piece of data tells us it's >0. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_three_(statistics) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_three_(statistics)