> a LOT of that is coming from above middle management For sure. One of the curses of the modern business environment is the belief in management as a universa

> a LOT of that is coming from above middle management For sure. One of the curses of the modern business environment is the belief in management as a universal skill. That if one has an MBA one can manage anything. That all one needs to do is find the appropriate graph and make it go up and to the right. In practice it ends up being an erasure of domain-specific knowledge in favor of the naive beliefs of the powerful. A great example comes via Poppendieck's "The Tyrrany of the Plan": https://www.infoq.com/presentations/tyranny-of-plan/ https://www.infoq.com/presentations/tyranny-of-plan/ Transcript here: https://chrisgagne.com/1255/mary-poppendiecks-the-tyranny-of-the-plan/ https://chrisgagne.com/1255/mary-poppendiecks-the-tyranny-of... The Empire State Building was built on time and under budget, but they did not have a complete plan when they started. This sounds impossible to the modern ear, but that's because executives see plans as a substitute for competence.