For [22] taken to an extreme level, read the original Spanner paper from 2012 (?): https://static.googleusercontent.com/media/research.google.com/en//archive/s

For [22] taken to an extreme level, read the original Spanner paper from 2012 (?): https://static.googleusercontent.com/media/research.google.com/en//archive/spanner-osdi2012.pdf https://static.googleusercontent.com/media/research.google.c... It goes into a lot of detail on this