The argument that the lockwasher in Fig. 14 doesn't work because it’s equivalent to a flat washer when the nut is fully torqued is faulty. It is not equivalent

The argument that the lockwasher in Fig. 14 doesn't work because it’s equivalent to a flat washer when the nut is fully torqued is faulty. It is not equivalent because it exerts forces on the nut that a flat washer does not.