Most are Bluetooth to the device. Some have http apis that can be accessed in various ways, either via hosting an http server on a phone that then relays to Blu

Most are Bluetooth to the device. Some have http apis that can be accessed in various ways, either via hosting an http server on a phone that then relays to Bluetooth (lovense connect does this) or doing something like having the device itself use wifi and phone home (the handy does this as well as having Bluetooth). My library, buttplug, handles most permutations of anything that happens. Bluetooth, usb, serial, network, you name it we begrudgingly implement it while mumbling profanities. :3