There are counterexamples, sometimes the road to success is to bite the bullet and spend heavily. IBM spent five billion dollars to develop the IBM System/360 l

There are counterexamples, sometimes the road to success is to bite the bullet and spend heavily. IBM spent five billion dollars to develop the IBM System/360 line, back when a billion was serious money. Neither Airbus nor Boeing would be where they are today without investing big sums up front. Making AAA games these days basically requires it, Google Stadia is floundering because Google shied away from putting enough money into their game studio to be competitive.