Neither emissions / capita or emissions / country account for the interleaving of production and trade. On an atomic level (pardon the pun) we measure carbon b

Neither emissions / capita or emissions / country account for the interleaving of production and trade. On an atomic level (pardon the pun) we measure carbon by footprint - compare buying a new car vs buying a used car with worse gas mileage, and almost always the used car is the greener option (due to the astronomical carbon footprint of producing and shipping all the components of a new car). I have yet to see a measure of country level carbon that captures this reality - neither C / country or C / capita account for the fact that the global supply chain is deeply interdependent and extraordinarily convoluted. I almost feel as though the best solution would be Carbon / USD, or some other metric that captures the reality that it's neither countries or people creating carbon, but industry (the most relevant of which is currently multinational).