From the article: > And although free search engines such as Google Scholar have — with publishers’ agreement — indexed the text of paywalled literature, they

From the article: > And although free search engines such as Google Scholar have — with publishers’ agreement — indexed the text of paywalled literature, they only allow users to search with certain types of text queries, and restrict automated searching. That doesn’t allow large-scale computerized analysis using more specialized searches, Malamud says.