4 ms·

Are the only options doctors can prescribe NSAIDs vs opioids? There is nothing else in between?

by pkaye 5y ago

_delirium 5y ago
As far as I know, there surprisingly aren't other options. I also assumed they would have something else up their sleeve that was stronger than OTC ibuprofen but weaker than a morphine analogue. But, the three classes of analgesics really seem to be Tylenol, NSAIDs, and opioids. A few other things are usable for anesthesia but not something you can prescribe as a pill for at-home pain control. There is also some evidence for cannabinoids, but they're stuck in legal limbo. The other thing that comes to mind is that benzodiazepines can also help in some patients. They don't have a direct analgesic effect, but can help people relax or sleep so as to ignore pain (they can also be habit-forming, but probably not to the same extent as opioids).
otherme123 5y ago
There are other painkillers coming and going. In my country, the middle ground was, for years, metamizole. This drug is currently baned in some countries (e.g. USA) for its side effects, while is sold nearly OTC in others (e.g. Mexico). Other drugs like flupirtine or nefopam are about the same: middle ground painkillers, but too bad side effects. The good thing about opioids is that you can dosage them precisely, and that you have plenty of opiates in a ladder of potency. Tramadol (sold as Ultram in the US) is a middle-ground painkiller despite being an opiate. Same as codeine. Slightly above is tapentadol. Curious thing is despite tapentadol has not been found addictive (at least as addictive as other opiates), it's still an opiate, and so the FDA put it in the same bucket as fentanyl and morphine. Another analgesic is cannabis. Sadly, it has the same problem as opiates: it was deemed too fun or too good, it seems we must endure pain to make the regulators happy. It turns out people hate pain, so they end up taking fentanyl and heroing under a bridge. The sad thing about all this is that the regulators decided pain is not a bad thing, so you must endure it. But they decided anxiety is a terrible thing, so you can get as much bromazepam as you need. Even when bromazepan and other benzodiazepines create dependence and tolerance (and the withdrawal is terrible), I'm sure you now at least a dozen people taking it cronically (I do). They are as hooked to that thing as it was heroin but, hey, it's legally prescribed, so no problem here: one pill for breakfast, one before bed, and they are 24/7 high while nobody bats an eye.
stef25 5y ago
You can give Codeine or Tramadol, which are opiates that produce no "high" when taken in standard therapeutic doses. People do abuse them by taking a whole box at once, but you won't end up in a scenario like in OP's story where someone discovers it "solves all their problems" after receiving them for moderate pain from a routine medical procedure, and has them shooting heroin 6 months later.
damontal 5y ago
Pregabalin/Lyrica, I think. It's a seizure medication but as it was explained to me it increases the amount of signal your nerves can take, or it slows the signal, and that reduces pain. It helped me in the past but it makes you tired.

Are the only options doctors can prescribe NSAIDs vs opioids? There is nothing else in between?

by pkaye 5y ago

Are the only options doctors can prescribe NSAIDs vs opioids? There is nothing else in between?

As far as I know, there surprisingly aren't other options. I also assumed they would have something else up their sleeve that was stronger than OTC ibuprofen but weaker than a morphine analogue. But, the three classes of analgesics really seem to be Tylenol, NSAIDs, and opioids. A few other things are usable for anesthesia but not something you can prescribe as a pill for at-home pain control. There is also some evidence for cannabinoids, but they're stuck in legal limbo. The other thing that comes to mind is that benzodiazepines can also help in some patients. They don't have a direct analgesic effect, but can help people relax or sleep so as to ignore pain (they can also be habit-forming, but probably not to the same extent as opioids).

otherme123 5y ago

There are other painkillers coming and going. In my country, the middle ground was, for years, metamizole. This drug is currently baned in some countries (e.g. USA) for its side effects, while is sold nearly OTC in others (e.g. Mexico). Other drugs like flupirtine or nefopam are about the same: middle ground painkillers, but too bad side effects. The good thing about opioids is that you can dosage them precisely, and that you have plenty of opiates in a ladder of potency. Tramadol (sold as Ultram in the US) is a middle-ground painkiller despite being an opiate. Same as codeine. Slightly above is tapentadol. Curious thing is despite tapentadol has not been found addictive (at least as addictive as other opiates), it's still an opiate, and so the FDA put it in the same bucket as fentanyl and morphine. Another analgesic is cannabis. Sadly, it has the same problem as opiates: it was deemed too fun or too good, it seems we must endure pain to make the regulators happy. It turns out people hate pain, so they end up taking fentanyl and heroing under a bridge. The sad thing about all this is that the regulators decided pain is not a bad thing, so you must endure it. But they decided anxiety is a terrible thing, so you can get as much bromazepam as you need. Even when bromazepan and other benzodiazepines create dependence and tolerance (and the withdrawal is terrible), I'm sure you now at least a dozen people taking it cronically (I do). They are as hooked to that thing as it was heroin but, hey, it's legally prescribed, so no problem here: one pill for breakfast, one before bed, and they are 24/7 high while nobody bats an eye.

stef25 5y ago

You can give Codeine or Tramadol, which are opiates that produce no "high" when taken in standard therapeutic doses. People do abuse them by taking a whole box at once, but you won't end up in a scenario like in OP's story where someone discovers it "solves all their problems" after receiving them for moderate pain from a routine medical procedure, and has them shooting heroin 6 months later.

damontal 5y ago

Pregabalin/Lyrica, I think. It's a seizure medication but as it was explained to me it increases the amount of signal your nerves can take, or it slows the signal, and that reduces pain. It helped me in the past but it makes you tired.