You ask good questions that I mostly can't answer! I agree with your points on megacasting. Other companies can replicate it but it will take time. Just as imp

You ask good questions that I mostly can't answer! I agree with your points on megacasting. Other companies can replicate it but it will take time. Just as important as the megacasting will be changes to other assembly procedures that accompany that shift, which may increase lead time till those companies can start production. I agree that Tesla has done some really smart things with batteries and would add that "the battery industry", such as it is, runs on software that's feels like it was made in the 90s. I imagine Tesla has a more mature software stack and I think this gives them more of an advantage than is generally realized by the industry. Since you mention battery timelines, it may interest you that Toyota has a group explicitly attempting to speed up development[0]. [0] https://medium.com/toyotaresearch/accelerated-materials-design-discovery-amdd-explained-1b81f51ce2de https://medium.com/toyotaresearch/accelerated-materials-desi...