This article indicates a 1:1 relationship doesn't apply in 3D. I haven't had time to read and understand this enough but it seems worth passing on the article s

This article indicates a 1:1 relationship doesn't apply in 3D. I haven't had time to read and understand this enough but it seems worth passing on the article since its something on my list to dig into this weekend. "But when researchers were finally able to record from grid cells in animals navigating 3D spaces, the findings got “much more dramatic,” Ulanovsky said — seeming to demonstrate not just deviations from the framework, but departures from it. ... To their surprise, the hexagonal patterns that defined the cells’ behavior in 2D were gone entirely: The researchers couldn’t find even traces of that global order. Instead, the clumps of grid cell activity seemed to be distributed throughout the three-dimensional space at random. “Some properties were preserved,” Jeffery said, “but the most visually striking property of grid cells was not.”" https://www.quantamagazine.org/how-animals-map-3d-spaces-surprises-brain-researchers-20211014/ https://www.quantamagazine.org/how-animals-map-3d-spaces-sur...