The former is possible on chains where "gas" is a fraction of a fraction of a cent. Even if we're being pedantic there - what, the miners/validators are the sca

The former is possible on chains where "gas" is a fraction of a fraction of a cent. Even if we're being pedantic there - what, the miners/validators are the scammers in this case? The latter is not extrinsic at all - it's all in the contracts on the blockchain.