Capitalism is a global system (at least at this point). Certainly you can have pockets that experience abnormal growth[1] because no country is a closed system.

Capitalism is a global system (at least at this point). Certainly you can have pockets that experience abnormal growth[1] because no country is a closed system. If businesses in one country have new markets open to them outside their borders that's just another way of adding to their economy. And definitely an aging non-working population can be a downward drag on a capitalist economy as well. Even though they live longer, they are still to some extent "exiting the economy" since they usually live off fixed incomes and don't contribute to the labor pool. In aggregate, though, you still need growth to make capital investment make sense. There may be other ways to achieve it than population growth overall, especially in small niches, but if you lose that source of growth it should have ramifications on the economy, even if they're counteracted. [1] Do you have a source on the ireland thing? I'm not really finding anything. And which Ireland for that matter? There are effectively at least three polities called that in that period. All with very different access to markets, political situations, etc.