Weak analysis -- you can't talk about the cities pace of growth vs GDP output without talking about the sectors responsible for growth in GDP. For instance, if

Weak analysis -- you can't talk about the cities pace of growth vs GDP output without talking about the sectors responsible for growth in GDP. For instance, if manufacturing or agriculture were big drivers in GDP growth but the cities had no available/affordable land do develop for these purposes, then it would be expected that they would not keep pace. Either way, the "drag" in this article is just on the average growth %, not an actual cost per-se.