While of course oversimplified, https://model.energy https://model.energy is interesting site to simulate the issues, as it tries to model a "base load" generat

While of course oversimplified, https://model.energy https://model.energy is interesting site to simulate the issues, as it tries to model a "base load" generation using green energy. The moment the storage costs of hydrogen go beyond ridiculously low (based on assumptions of available salt caverns), or if you try to use batteries only, the numbers game is over for non-nuclear - unless you add gas turbines which defeat the 0-emission target. For a simulated replacement of 2GW power plant (2-3 reactors, enough to provide for a metropolitan region base load, assuming Poland for weather/solar data) using only batteries for storage, we look at needing to build: ~29GW of solar power ~12GW of wind power ~46.7GWh of battery storage (with ~3.5GW output) Going for hydrogen storage, the result is ~10.2GW solar ~6.5GW wind ~5.5GWh battery (with 0.98GW output) ~1.5GW hydrogen gas turbine ~760GWh hydrogen storage. All of that, to replace a 2GW power plant with non-nuclear zero emission sources. (for comparison, polish base load demand is effectively around 14GW, and we don't really have any place for more pumped storage or hydro power without some funky exclusion zones and environmental destruction)