+1 to everything simplyaccont said. Long term projects were a tough beast to manage given the short-term incentives. Usually those got done by breaking them up

+1 to everything simplyaccont said. Long term projects were a tough beast to manage given the short-term incentives. Usually those got done by breaking them up into milestones and hitting those. That said, my general impression (as a first-level manager who sat in on calibrations) was that unless you move some serious metrics in those milestones, it would be difficult to exceed expectations and much of the upper management encouragement for long-term projects was mostly empty air due to the 6-month performance cycle. That said, large cross-org projects certainly do exist. To answer your specific question, there would normally be some sort of a lead on the whole project, tech lead or PM lead or, often, a pair of those. They would meet regularly with leads of various sub-areas, organized similarly, and ensure things line up properly. Now repeat recursively until you get down to team level, where there might be a tech lead, or perhaps just a senior engineer working with a few non-seniors on their portion of the larger initiative. At this point this would get broken down into individual projects that each person owns and is accountable for. Tech lead may or may not contribute code to this project, they (and their team at large) might be involved in a bunch of parallel initiatives that often don't have much to do with each other, other than the product scope the team owns. Things like daily stand-ups don't work when everybody has their own work stream (and often multiple streams at that). Hope this clarifies. The setup works for certain types of personalities, but I found it to be a very individualistic culture that I didn't particularly enjoy.