"Race" and embodied in US law and cultural custom has no biological basis. Zero. Zilch. Genetics research indicates no such clustering. As the clearest exampl

"Race" and embodied in US law and cultural custom has no biological basis. Zero. Zilch. Genetics research indicates no such clustering. As the clearest example, someone can be Hispanic with 100% German ancestry, or 100% African ancestry, or a mix of those with indigenous American cultures. Therefore, it makes no biological sense to have a bias based on being Hispanic. Similarly, the genetic diversity in Africans is much higher than that in Europeans, so Black Americans from the African diaspora can't be lumped into a single biological category. Even if it were, as the article points out, the old system ignored multi-racial categories. Is someone with a white mother and a black father "black", or "white"? Further, "empirically" is hard, given that many the major historical factor seems to be lack of access to good health care, rather than anything genetic which might be associated with the human construct we call "race."