There is also numba, which is very impressive in its own right, and also pypy, which supports features up to Python 3.7. Some may consider Jax, and its XLA com

There is also numba, which is very impressive in its own right, and also pypy, which supports features up to Python 3.7. Some may consider Jax, and its XLA compiler, but unless you require gradients, numba will be significantly faster, an instance of this is available here [1]. XLA runs on a higher level than LLVM and therefore can't achieve the same optimizations as numba does using the latter. IIRC numba also has a Python to Cuda compiler, which is also very impressive. [1] https://github.com/scikit-hep/iminuit/blob/develop/doc/tutorial/automatic_differentiation.ipynb https://github.com/scikit-hep/iminuit/blob/develop/doc/tutor...