>But IMO they are too model-heavy and this is probably the reason they never caught up or even worked as well as connectionist systems. there are countless of

>But IMO they are too model-heavy and this is probably the reason they never caught up or even worked as well as connectionist systems. there are countless of model based / symbolic intelligent systems at work right now. I'd go so far as say that there is no fully complex 'end-to-end' learning system in place anywhere in the outside world. Self-driving cars say use learning systems for perception but they still deploy human expertise, routing algorithms, the software at an engineering level is a designed architecture, and so on. I don't think any autonomous car has actually learned speed limits which would be a rather risky endeavor.